The Kalibugans: Moros of Zamboanga Peninsula (An Inquiry into Social Fissions, Hybridity, and Ethnicity) by Rolando C. Esteban
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Kalibugan, from Bisaya "libog," to be of mixed blood, and is applied to the offspring of parents of different race or unequal status, as of slave and free. The term is also applied to animals. The word Kalibugan is used, for instance, in speaking of the offspring of a wild cock and a domestic fowl, or that of a domestic pig and a wild one. In Panay I have heard it applied to people of mixed Malayan and Negrito blood. In the Zamboanga Peninsula it is the name universally given to people of mixed Subanun and Moro blood. -Emerson Brewer Christie